Effect of pre-season and in-season training on anthropometric variables, somatotype, body composition and body proportion in elite basketball players.

The aims of the study were: 1) to evaluate the changes in anthropometric variables, body composition, somatotype and body proportions of elite basketball players throughout the pre-season period; 2) to evaluate the changes in anthropometric variables, body composition, somatotype and body proportions of elite basketball players throughout the in-season period; and 3) to observe if the age and position influenced the variables analyzed. A total of 17 players belonging to the men's ACB league team competing in the Euroleague (age = 23.42 ± 5.28 years-old) participated in the study. The players underwent an anthropometric measurement before and after the pre-season, as well as four evaluations throughout the in-season. Anthropometric indices, somatotype components according to Heath and Carter, and adiposity were calculated. The results show that during the pre-season, body mass, BMI, sum of 6 and 8 skinfolds, waist/hip ratio, adipose tissue (kg), adipose tissue percentage, and endomorphy decreased, while ectomorphy increased. However, no significant changes were found in the variables analyzed throughout the season; except for endomorphy, which increased along the in-season. Playing position and age did not have a significant influence on the changes in the anthropometric variables throughout the pre-season and the in-season. In conclusion, while changes in the anthropometric variables in the pre-season were observed, these remained the same during the in-season.

[Evaluation of visceral adipose tissue and lipid level in premenopausal and postmenopausal women's]. / Evaluación del tejido adiposo visceral y de la concentración de lípidos en mujeres pre y posmenopáusicas.

BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal women present weight gain and intensification of obesity, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT) increases in postmenopausal women. But it is still not clear whether abdominal fat increases during this stage independently of body weight. OBJECTIVE: compare the VAT and lipid profile between postmenopausal and premenopausal Mexican women. METHODS: A case control study in postmenopausal women matched for BMI with premenopausal women. Anthropometric and laboratory measurements as well as body composition analysis were performed. RESULTS: VAT was increased in postmenopausal women in contrast with premenopausal women (114.8 ± 39.5 vs 97.3 ± 29.0, p<0.05). Compared with premenopausal women, postmenopausal women showed higher total cholesterol (231 .6 ± 56.1 vs 206.8 ± 29.5 p <0.05), and LDL-cholesterol levels (145.9 ± 48.3 vs 121.7 ± 34.1, p < 0.05), whereas H DL-cholesterol remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study have demonstrated that Mexican postmenopausal women had a significant increment in visceral adipose tissue and in other metabolic risk factors, independent of the body mass index.

Calidad de los antecedentes personales en la historia clínica electrónica hospitalaria / Quality of individual health history in in-patient electronic medical records

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Implantación de la prescripción electrónica asistida en una planta de hospitalización de un hospital de tercer nivel / No disponible

La seguridad del paciente es una preocupación constante y un elemento fundamental en los sistemas de calidad de los establecimientos sanitarios. Durante todo el proceso farmacoterapéutico, en el que el personal de Enfermería se encarga de la administración de los medicamentos, se pueden producir errores que den lugar a efectos adversos o no deseados en los pacientes. La implantación de la prescripción electrónica asistida (PEA) en nuestro servicio de Medicina Interna fue precedida de un curso intensivo de formación a todo el personal involucrado. Este hecho supuso cambios importantes tanto en la carga de trabajo como en la distribución horaria de las principales tareas del personal de Enfermería. Actualmente su uso supone una herramienta muy útil para el personal de Enfermería, reduciendo las posibilidades de error en la administración de medicamentos (AU)

Bone mass and bone metabolism markers during adolescence: The HELENA Study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The assessment of bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) status in children and adolescents is important for health and the prevention of diseases. Bone metabolic activity could provide early information on bone mass development. Our aim was to describe bone mass and metabolism markers according to age and Tanner stage in adolescents. METHODS: Spanish adolescents (n = 345; 168 males and 177 females) aged 12.5-17.5 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Body composition variables were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum osteocalcin (n = 101), aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (n = 92) and ß-isomerized C-telopeptides (ß-CTX, n = 65) and urine samples (ß-CTX; n = 237) were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS: Analysis of covariance showed that females had higher values for BMC and BMD in most of the regions. Both males and females had a significant decrease in bone markers while sexual maturation increases (all p < 0.05). Males had an increased bone turnover compared to females (all p < 0.05, except for urine ß-CTX in Tanner ≤IV). CONCLUSION: Our results support the evidence of dimorphic site-specific bone accretion between sexes and show an increased bone turnover in males, suggesting higher metabolic activity.

Marcadores del metabolismo óseo en adolescentes españoles. Estudio HELENA / Bone metabolism markers in Spanish adolescents. The HELENA Study

Objetivo del trabajo: Describir el metabolismo óseo a lo largo de la adolescencia, según la edad y el desarrollo puberal en adolescentes. Material (pacientes) y método: El análisis de los marcadores de metabolismo óseo se realizó a partir de muestras de suero con osteocalcina (OC; n=95), propeptido aminoterminal del procolágeno de tipo 1 (P1NP; n=87) y C-telopépidos Beta-isomerizados (Beta-CTX; n=65)] y de orina [Beta-CTX (n=209)] que se analizaron mediante inmunoensayo de electroquimioluminiscencia. Resultados: La concentración de los marcadores de formación y resorción ósea eran más altos en los chicos y las chicas menos desarrollados comparado con los grupos de mayor desarrollo puberal (p < 0.05), excepto ‚-CTX (en orina) en chicos (p = 0,105). Sin embargo, la osteocalcina no mostró una tendencia significativa en chicos (p = 0.264) al agrupar por edades. Los chicos adolescentes presentaron un remodelado óseo superior al de las chicas. Conclusiones: Los chicos adolescentes presentaron un remodelado óseo superior al de las chicas, lo que sugiere una mayor actividad metabólica de éstos durante la adolescencia (AU)

Objetives: To describe bone metabolism throughout adolescence, according to age and pubertal development. Material and methods: Bone metabolism markers were analysed on serum [Osteocalcin (n=95), aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP, n=87) and ‚-isomerised C-telopeptides (Beta-CTX, n=65)] and urine samples [Beta-CTX (n=209)] by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results: bone formation and resorption biomarkers concentration were higher in males and females with lower pubertal development compared with those groups with higher development (p < 0.05), except urine ‚- CTX in males (p = 0,105). Osteocalcin did not show a significant trend in males (p = 0.264) when grouping by age. Males had an increased bone turnover compared to females. Conclusions: Males showed an increased bone turnover compared to females, suggesting higher metabolic activity during adolescence (AU)

Variación de patrones espirométricos encontrados en un mismo grupo de usuarios del consultorio de la Zarza. Distrito Sierra-Andévalo (Huelva) 2004 / Variations of spirometric patterns foundin the same group of users of the Zarzaconsultation. Sierra-Andévalo (Huelva)District 2004

INTRODUCCIÓN. Dentro de la controversia de que si la espirometría es una prueba complementaria que debe o no realizarse en Atención Primaria, tuvimos la oportunidad de contrastar los patrones espirométricos en un mismo grupo de pacientes, a los que se les realizó una espirometría dentro del protocolo de salud laboral, con la espirometría realizada en el consultorio rural de la Zarza. El objetivo del estudio fue ver si existía variabilidad entre los patrones espirométricos obtenidos en el reconocimiento de salud laboral y los obtenidos en el consultorio de la Zarza. MÉTODO. Estudio cualitativo descriptivo. RESULTADOS. Se observaron notables variaciones entre los patrones espirométricos del reconocimiento de salud laboral y los observados en el consultorio al mismo grupo de pacientes. CONCLUSIONES. La espirometría es una prueba que puede y debe realizarse en Atención Primaria. La preparación y la motivación son fundamentales a la hora de realizar la espirometría

INTRODUCTION. Within the controversy of whether the spirometry is a complementary tests that should be conducted or not in Primary Health Care, we had the opportunity to compare the spirometer patterns in this same group of patients in whom a spirometry was conducted within the occupational health protocol with that of a spirometry conducted in the rural Zarza clinic. This study aimed to discover if there was variability between the spirometric patterns obtained in the work occupational checkup and those obtained in the Zarza clinic. METHOD. Descriptive qualitative study. RESULTS. Important variations were observed between the spirometric patterns of the occupational health checkup and those observed in the clinic in the same group of patients. CONCLUSIONS. The spirometry is a test that can and should be conducted in Primary Health Care. Preparation and motivation are fundamental when performing the spirometry

Sobre la necesidad de una plataforma para los servicios del Centro Virtual de Convenciones en Salud de Infomed / On the Necessity of a Platform for the Services of the Virtual Health Conventions Center of Infomed (Cencomed)

Se abordan los eventos virtuales en general, su definición, origen y evolución y se ofrecen ejemplos de eventos virtuales celebrados en diversos lugares. Se realiza una breve reseña histórica del servicio de eventos virtuales de Infomed: Cencomed, los eventos celebrados en Cuba y la necesidad del perfeccionamiento de este servicio y las posibilidades de soportar sus servicios en las herramientas disponibles en Internet. Se analizan los sistemas gestores de contenidos más respresentativos y con mayores posibilidades de utilizarse. Se presentan las experiencias del Congreso Virtual de Informática en Salud y las posibilidades de Plone como sistema de soporte.

Virtual events in general their definition origin and evolution are approached and examples of virtual events celebrated in different places are offered. A brief historic review of the virtual event service of Infomed: Cencomed, the events celebrated in Cuba and need of to improve this service, and potentials for use of the tools available from Internet to support their services. The systems managing the most representative contents, and with the largest utilization possibilities, are analyzed. The experiences of the Virtual Informatic Health Congress are presented, and the possibilities of Plone use as support system.

Estudio ecográfico de la cadera en el neonato y en el lactante. Diagnóstico de la enfermedad luxante. ¿Estudio universal o selectivo? / Ultrasonography study of the hip in neonate and in the infant. Diagnosis of dislocation disease. Universal or selective study?

No disponible

Efficacy of metadoxine in the management of acute alcohol intoxication.

This randomized, open-label study evaluated the efficacy of 300 mg metadoxine (given intravenously) added to standard treatment compared with standard treatment alone in managing the physical and psychological signs of acute alcohol intoxication. Fifty-two acutely intoxicated patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups and followed during a 2-h period. Changes in clinical symptoms, degree of intoxication, and blood alcohol level were monitored. More patients receiving metadoxine in addition to standard therapy significantly improved by at least one degree of intoxication (one clinical category) compared with those receiving standard treatment alone (76.9% versus 42.3%, respectively). Metadoxine-treated patients also exhibited a significantly greater decrease in blood alcohol concentration compared with those receiving standard treatment alone (-105.4 +/- 61.5 mg/dl versus -60.1 +/- 38.6 mg/dl, respectively). Metadoxine improved the clinical signs of acute alcohol intoxication and accelerated alcohol clearance from the blood, thus supporting existing data. In contrast to previous data, these effects were concurrent but independent. No adverse effects were observed with metadoxine therapy.

[Anxiety and depression among renal transplantation candidates: impact of donor availability]. / Ansiedad y depresión en candidatos a trasplante renal: impacto de la disponibilidad de donador.

BACKGROUND: Among the kidney transplantation candidates, regardless if they already have a living related donor (LRD) or if they are waiting for a cadaveric donor (CD), the transplantation process is highly stressful, and the stress intensity is proportioned to the waiting time for surgery. The patients waiting for a CD have no certainty about receiving a kidney in time for surviving, or, when the patient's relatives refused the donation, they may feel rejected by their family. In chronic diseases, psychiatric comorbidity affects the disease evolution, dampering the treatment efficacy, leading to long-term hospitalizations and a more severe emotional stress. OBJECTIVE: To calculate the difference of anxiety and depression levels between LRD and CD patients. METHODS: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) was applied to the kidney transplantation candidates who attended their first psychiatric evaluation along a year, they were grouped according to their kind of donor (LRD= 31, CD= 12). Statistical analysis was performed by means of Fisher and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: 33.33% of the LRD patients were anxious (6.60+/- 2.65 points) and 40% were depressed (5.9+/- 3.29); 75% of the CD patients were anxious (p= 0.005) (10.17+/- 2.48, p< 0.001) and 90% were depressed (p= 0.088) (12.0+/- 9.33, p= 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The CD patients have a greater risk for anxiety and more severe depressive disorders than the LRD patients. Comparing this sample against 100 patients with chronic diseases, we found no differences with CD patients, but they have a higher risk for anxiety and depression than LRD patients, this may suggest that the last mentioned patients may overestimate the prognosis of their disease.

Ansiedad y depresión en candidatos a trasplante renal: impacto de la disponibilidad de donador / Anxiety and depression among renal transplantation candidates: impact of donor availability

Introducción: Entre los candidatos a trasplante renal, independientemente de que dispongan un donador vivo relacionado (DVR) o esperen un donador cadavérico (DC), el proceso del trasplante produce un estrés intenso, el cual es proporcional al tiempo de espera para la cirugía. Quienes esperan DC no tienen la certeza de obtener un órgano a tiempo para sobrevivir, o bien, cuando sus parientes se niegan a donar, los enfermos sienten ser rechazados por su familia. En enfermedades crónicas, la comorbilidad psiquiátrica afecta la evolución del padecimiento y reduce la eficacia del tratamiento, llevando a internamientos largos y a un mayor desgaste emocional. Objetivo: Determinar la diferencia de niveles de ansiedad y depresión en pacientes de DC en comparación a los pacientes con DVR. Metodología: Se aplicó la escala hospitalaria de ansiedad y depresión (HAD) a los candidatos a trasplante renal que acudieron a su primer consulta psiquiátrica a lo largo de un año, agrupándose de acuerdo al donador que disponen (DVR= 31, DC= 12). El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante las pruebas de Fisher y de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: El 33,33 por ciento de los pacientes con DVR presentaron ansiedad (6,60ñ 2,65 puntos) y 40 por ciento depresión (5,9ñ 3,29); el 75 por ciento de los pacientes de DC mostraron ansiedad (p= 0,005) (10,17ñ 2,48, p< 0,001) y 90 por ciento depresión (p= 0,088) (12,0ñ 9,33, p= 0,005). Conclusiones: Los pacientes de DC tienen mayor riesgo de padecer ansiedad que los enfermos con DVR y sufren cuadros depresivos más severos. Comparando esta muestra contra 100 enfermos crónicos, no encontramos diferencias con los pacientes de DC, pero sí tienen mayor riesgo de ansiedad y depresión que los pacientes con DVR, lo cual indicaría que estos últimos enfermos pudieran tener ideas sobrevaloradas sobre la evolución de su enfermedad (AU)

A randomized, open-label comparison of venlafaxine and fluoxetine in depressed outpatients.

In this randomized, open-label, 8-week comparative study, the efficacy and safety of venlafaxine and fluoxetine were assessed in outpatients with major depression. One hundred forty-five patients were assigned to receive venlafaxine 37.5 mg twice daily or fluoxetine 20 mg once daily. On day 15, if clinically indicated to improve patient response, the dosage could be increased at the investigator's discretion to venlafaxine 75 mg twice daily or fluoxetine 40 mg once daily. One hundred forty-five patients were evaluated for safety and 110, for efficacy. The mean age was 37 years, and 70% of the patients were female. In both treatment groups, mean scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale decreased significantly between baseline (27.8, venlafaxine; 29.2, fluoxetine) and the end of the study (8.7, venlafaxine; 8.2, fluoxetine). Similarly, mean scores on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale decreased significantly between baseline (31.4, venlafaxine; 31.6, fluoxetine) and the end of the study (8.3, venlafaxine; 7.6, fluoxetine). In venlafaxine patients, the most common adverse events were nausea (44.3%), headache (40.0%), insomnia (31.4%), dizziness (30.0%), and dry mouth (22.9%); in fluoxetine patients, they were headache (32.0%), nausea (28.0%), insomnia (24.0%), anxiety (21.3%), sleepiness (20.0%), and generalized tremor (20.0%). The results of this study indicate that venlafaxine is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of major depression at doses of 37.5 or 75 mg twice daily and not significantly different from fluoxetine 20 or 40 mg once daily.

[Back pain in children]. / Dolor de espalda en la infancia.

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of back pain in children in our country is unknown. Several causes can produce this symptom, but it is necessary to rule out pathologies that require specific treatments. The goal of this work was to study the incidence and the etiology of back pain in children in our country. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We present a prospective study done in our Orthopedic Department during a period of 7 months. Twenty-two patients were referred with back pain of at least two months duration. The incidence was 2.9% compared to the total number of patients. The average age ranged from 7 to 17 years. RESULTS: A careful history and a radiological examination diagnosed 50% (11 cases) of the causes of backache in the present study. An idiopathic etiology was the most frequent cause and represented 9 patients (41%). In the remaining 12 cases (59%) pathological causes that required special treatment were identified including 2 cases of Scheuermann disease, 4 cases of painful scoliosis, 3 spondylolysis with spondylolisthesis, 2 cases of discitis, 1 benign neoplasm and 1 psychogenic cause. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend conservative management with the use of medication for relief of pain and physical therapy in the idiopathic cases. In the remaining cases, the specific treatment of the disease can improve the back pain.

[Epidemiologic study of risk factors associated with the development of respiratory pathology in children]. / Estudio epidemiológico de los factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de patología respiratoria en la población infantil.

A total of 1,566 children the area of Valencia (Spain), of both sexes and aged 7 to 14 received an epidemiological questionnaire recommended by the American Thoracic Society. Antecedents of asthma were recorded in 79 cases (5%), with a predominance among males; 73.3% of these children presented their first crisis before age three. Eighty-seven children were habitual smokers (5.6%), again with a predominance among males-most of these children being between 13 and 14 years old. A family history of smoking was observed in 82.8% of the children who were habitual smokers. A greater predominance of smoking mothers was observed at higher socio-economical levels--with no significant differences between parents. The incidence of respiratory pathology (cough and antecedents of bronchitis) was higher among children whose mothers (or both parents) were smokers. On comparing the two areas of the city with the greatest difference in air pollution level, no significant differences were observed in respiratory morbidity among the child population.

[Repercussion of risk factors associated with the development of chronic bronchial pathology on pulmonary function in children]. / Estudio de la repercusión de los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de patología bronquial crónica en el funcionalismo pulmonar en una población infantil.

Of a total of 1,566 children, 1,416 of both sexes and aged 7 to 14 were subjected to functional respiratory exploration with a Vitalograph dry spirometer. The impact of tobacco smoke--as active and/or passive smokers--on the spirometric variables (FVC, FEV1, FEF2572, FEF50) evaluated by variance analysis (ANOVA) revealed no significant reductions. Asthma was the single antecedent of respiratory morbidity showing significant reductions in FEF2575, FEF50 among males alone; no significant reductions were observed for any of the other spirometric variables. No significant decreases were found in the spirometric variables on comparing two areas of the same city with the greatest difference in air pollution level.

[Intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins in meningoencephalitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen, 1935)]. / Síntesis intratecal de inmunoglobulinas en meningoencefalitis producida por Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen, 1935).

Four cases of eosinophil meningoencephalitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis are studied. The cytochemical study of the cerebrospinal fluid of these patients found a prevalence of eosinophils with increased IgE. Serum showed a variable behavior of immunoglobulins except for the increase of total IgE. All patients showed IgG and IgA synthesis and there was IgM synthesis in one patient. The percentage of intrathecal synthesis was variable and IgE synthesis manifests in two trends with an equal number of cases.